Recent years have witnessed significant new challenges to the postwar international system of human rights by coalitions of illiberal actors. Rather than simply opposing the language and institutions of human rights, these nascent right-wing populist, religious, and authoritarian leaders seek to promote their programs by actively appropriating human-rights language, concepts, and institutions, and to recast them in illiberal ways. In this talk, Gráinne de Búrca maps out two recent sets of ideological developments and traces how they have sought to reconfigure the postwar international human-rights order into an illiberal rights regime. She also discusses a number of counter-strategies to resist such illiberal drift and robustly defend the international human-rights system.